Skull-
The skull is a bony structure that forms the head of the skeleton in most vertebrates. It supports the structures of the face and provides a protective cavity for the brain. The skull is composed of two parts: the cranium and the mandible.
Ossicles:
Malleus-
The malleus is one of three ossicles in the middle ear which transmit sound from the tympanic membrane (ear drum) to the inner ear. The malleus receives vibrations from the tympanic membrane and transmits this to the incus.
Incus-
The incus receives vibrations from the malleus, to which it is connected laterally, and transmits these to the stapes, medially.
Stapes-
the stapestransmits sound vibrations from the incus to the oval window, a membrane-covered opening to the inner ear.
Semicircular canals-
They are lined with cilia (microscopic hairs) and filled with a liquid substance, known as endolymph. Every time the head moves, the endolymph moves the cilia. This works as a type of motion sensor, as the movements of the cilia are communicated to the brain.
Vestibular nerve
-transmits sensory information transmitted by vestibularhair cells located in the two otolith organs (the utricle and the saccule) and the three semicircular canals via the vestibular
Pinna (outer ear)-
Like a funnel it directs the sound waves towards the internal passage known as auditory canal.
Ear Canal-
The ear canal functions as an entryway for sound waves, which get propelled toward the tympanic membrane, known as the eardrum.
Eardrum-
Its function is to transmit sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear, and then to the oval window in the fluid-filled cochlea.
Eustachian tube-
is to ventilate the middle ear space, ensuring that its pressure remains at near normal environmental air pressure. The secondary function of the Eustachian tube is to drain any accumulated secretions, infection, or debris from the middle ear space.
Cochlea-
transforms the sound in neural message. The function of the cochlea is to transform the vibrations of the cochlear liquids and associated structures into a neural signal. This occurs at the organ of Corti, which is located all along thecochlea.
Cochlear Nerve-
is the sensory nerve that transfers auditory information from thecochlea (auditory area of the inner ear) to the brain. It is one of the many pieces that make up the auditory system, which enables effective hearing.